Page 20 - COSMOS & H -Health - Science
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     Comet 103P/Hartley (Hartley 2) is a small, oval (or
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    Comet 103P/Hartley (Hartley 2) is a small, oval (or
    C C o m e t t     1 1 0 3 P / H a r t t l l e y     ( ( H a r t t l l e y     2 ) )     i i s     a     s m a l l l l , ,     o v a l l     ( ( o r
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    peanut)  shaped comet -- its nucleus measures
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     peanut)  shaped comet -- its nucleus measures
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    approximately one mile (1.6 kilometers) in diameter.                        . .
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     approximately one mile (1.6 kilometers) in diameter.
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    I I It takes Hartley 2 about 6.47 years to orbit the Sun
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    It takes Hartley 2 about 6.47 years to orbit the Sun
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          e
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     once. Hartley 2 last reached perihelion (closest
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    approach to the Sun) in 2017.              .
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     approach to the Sun) in 2017.
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    COMA OR TAIL-
    C C O M A     O R     T A I I L - -
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    The force exerted on the comet by the Sun’s radiation, pressure and
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    T T h e     f f o r c e     e x e r t t e d     o n     t t h e     c o m e t t     b y     t t h e     S u n ’ ’ s     r a d i i a t t i i o n , ,     p r e s s u r e     a n d
                                                                                        e
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     The force exerted on the comet by the Sun’s radiation, pressure and
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     solar  wind  causes  streams  of  dust  and  gas  to  be  released.  These
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    f f o r m     a     h u g e     a n d     e x t t r e m e l l y     t t h i i n     a t t m o s p h e r e     c a l l l l e d     t t h e     “ c o m a ” . .     A s
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    form a huge and extremely thin atmosphere called the “coma”. As
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     form a huge and extremely thin atmosphere called the “coma”. As
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    it approaches nearer, an enormous “tail” is formed. This tail points
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     it approaches nearer, an enormous “tail” is formed. This tail points
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                               r
    away from the Sun.
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    a a w a y     f f r o m     t t h e     S u n . .
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     away from the Sun.
                           S
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                I
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    DIMENSIONS OF A COMA-
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     DIMENSIONS OF A COMA-
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     Usually, the main body of the comet, also known as the
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    Usually, the main body of the comet, also known as the
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    nucleus  of  the  comet,  is  about  50  kilometers  in innucleus  of  the  comet,  is  about  50  kilometers  in
    nucleus  of  the  comet,  is  about  50  kilometers
     nucleus  of  the  comet,  is  about  50  kilometers  in
                                                                       o
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     diameter.  However,  the  tail  or  the  coma  following  the
                                                         c
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    diameter.  However,  the  tail  or  the  coma  following  the
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     nucleus could be greater than the size of the Sun itself!
                                                         i
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    n n
    nucleus could be greater than the size of the Sun itself!                         !
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    In some cases, it has been measured to be 3.8AU long.                         .
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     In some cases, it has been measured to be 3.8AU long.
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    (AU is Astronomical unit which is the distance from the
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     (AU is Astronomical unit which is the distance from the

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     Sun to the Earth. 1 AU is 150 million kilometers)
    Sun to the Earth. 1 AU is 150 million kilometers)
    S S u n     t t o     t t h e     E a r t t h . .     1 1     A U     i i s     1 1 5 0     m i i l l l l i i o n     k i i l l o m e t t e r s ) )
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