Page 32 - COSMOS & H -Health - Science
P. 32
As a result, the electromagnetic spectrum would
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As a result, the electromagnetic spectrum would
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b b e r e l l a t t i i v e l l y q u i i e t t , , w i i t t h o u t t e v i i d e n c e o f f a n y
be relatively quiet, without evidence of any
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be relatively quiet, without evidence of any
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intelligent alien life.
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The name of the hypothesis is derived from Liu Cixin’s novel
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T T h e n a m e o f f t t h e h y p o t t h e s i i s i i s d e r i i v e d f f r o m L i i u C i i x i i n ’ ’ s n o v e l l
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The name of the hypothesis is derived from Liu Cixin’s novel
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“The Dark Forest” as in, it treats the universe is treated as a
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“The Dark Forest” as in, it treats the universe is treated as a
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“dark forest” where “armed hunters” stalk the forest, looking
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to destroy each other. According to the dark forest t
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hypothesis, since the intentions of newly contacted civilization
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can never be known with certainty, then if one is encountered,
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can never be known with certainty, then if one is encountered,
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a a v o i i d t t h e p o t t e n t t i i a l l a n n i i h i i l l a t t i i o n o f f o n e ’ ’ s o w n s p e c i i e s . .
avoid the potential annihilation of one’s own species.
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avoid the potential annihilation of one’s own species.
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Game Theory
Game Theory
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Game theory studies interactive decision making,
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Game theory studies interactive decision making,
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where the outcome for each participant depends on
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w w h e r e t t h e o u t t c o m e f f o r e a c h p a r t t i i c i i p a n t t d e p e n d s o n
where the outcome for each participant depends on
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the actions of all. If you are a participant in such a
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the actions of all. If you are a participant in such a
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game, when choosing your course of action, you
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game, when choosing your course of action, you
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must take into account the choices of all the other
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must take into account the choices of all the other
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participants.
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participants.
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Game theory is the key feature which leads to the dark
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G G a m e t t h e o r y i i s t t h e k e y f f e a t t u r e w h i i c h l l e a d s t t o t t h e d a r k
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Game theory is the key feature which leads to the dark
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c c a s e o f f t t h e d a r k f f o r e s t t h y p o t t h e s i i s , , t t h e w i i n c o n d i i t t i i o n i i s t t h e
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continued survival of the species. The "dark forest" can be
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considered an extensive-form game with each “participant”
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possessing the following possible actions:
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possessing the following possible actions:
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p p o s s e s s i i n g t t h e f f o l l l l o w i i n g p o s s i i b l l e a c t t i i o n s : :
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Destroy another civilization known to the player
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Destroy another civilization known to the player
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D D e s t t r o y a n o t t h e r c i i v i i l l i i z a t t i i o n k n o w n t t o t t h e p l l a y e r
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B B r o a d c a s t t a n d a l l e r t t o t t h e r c i i v i i l l i i z a t t i i o n s o f f o n e ' ' s e x i i s t t e n c e
Broadcast and alert other civilizations of one's existence
Broadcast and alert other civilizations of one's existence
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Do nothing
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D D o n o t t h i i n g
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